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Question 1.1. In the excerpt from Plato’s Republic, Glaukon suggests that people are good (Points : 1)
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only because they are powerless to commit injustice and get away with it.
because their conscience tells them to be.
out of reverence for the law.
because living justly is objectively the best sort of life.
Mutually advantageous agreements among people. The laws of God. Natural goodwill among people. The will of the powerful. |
Leads to inaction. Leads to crude opinions. Leads to immorality. Rejects all criticism. |
are morally worse than most actual cases of letting die. are morally the same most actual cases of letting die. are morally less bad than most actual cases of letting die. are morally required. |
is self-evidently correct. is not what most people believe, but can be supported by strong arguments. leads to decisions concerning life and death made on morally irrelevant grounds. leads to patients being euthanized against their will. |
Naturally benevolent Naturally pious Naturally just Naturally egocentric |
active euthanasia is sometimes permissible, but passive euthanasia never is. passive euthanasia is sometimes permissible, but active euthanasia never is. both active and passive euthanasia are sometimes permissible. neither active nor passive euthanasia are ever permissible. |
primary intention of the doctor. ultimate outcome of the actions. Constitution of the United States. sympathy that we feel for the patient’s suffering. |
We should never judge the values of other societies. We must always respect the values of other societies. We have the right to judge other societies. We cannot understand them well enough to judge them. |
sometimes leads to more suffering than passive euthanasia. sometimes leads to the same amount of suffering as passive euthanasia. sometimes leads to less suffering than passive euthanasia. all of the above. |
Is a “perverse indulgence of the self-righteous.†Is based on skeptical diagnosis. Stems from concerns about hypocrisy. Justifies immorality. |
killing is intrinsically worse than letting die. there is no intrinsic moral difference between killing and letting die. letting die is morally worse than killing. it is never permissible either to let someone die or to kill them. |
the intentional termination of one’s life by another person, to relieve pain and suffering. ceasing to use “extraordinary means†to prolong someone’s life. intentionally causing a patient’s death, against the patient’s wishes. the refusal to treat a patient to avoid incurring unnecessary costs. |
They do not care about their patients enough. They are well-educated in palliative care. They did not pay attention in medical school. They are focused on healing rather than helping die. |
respect the autonomy of the patient. make decisions on the basis of compassion and good intention. benefit sick by the activity of healing. preserve a patient’s life by every means possible. |
the rise in a largely technical approach to healing. an increase in our sympathy. an increased respect for human dignity. the secularization of modern society. |
Injustice is more profitable than justice. We will have a clearer conscience if we always stick to the laws of justice. To be unjust is to be a fool. Both B and C. |
active euthanasia is always worse than passive euthanasia. passive euthanasia is always worse than active euthanasia. active euthanasia is always morally permissible. none of the above. |
If we accept a value in another culture, we can still reject that value in our culture. If we accept a value in another culture, we must accept that value in our culture. If we reject a value in another culture, we must reject that value in our culture. B and C. |
Just people would use it for justice. Just people would not use it at all. Unjust people would use it differently than just people. Everyone would use it the same. |