discussion reply 93

I need two replies to student’s post. I will post the original question and then two students’ post to that question. Please ONLY USE THE SOURCES I PROVIDE BELOW TO SUPPORT YOU REPLY. Please create separate references for each post.

Discussion Instructions

Please refer to the Discussion Grading Rubric for details regarding how your performance will be assessed. NOTE: Please be certain to read the entire discussion assignment since in some cases there is more than one question to discuss, respond to, or address. Be sure that you have answered the entire question!

Initial Post

This posting should answer the requirements using the course material from week 1 (not external source material) to support the ideas presented. If you are uncertain as to how to support the ideas presented, go to Content and view the module, Learn How to Support What You Write.

It is important to write concisely, provide the chapter title, chapter heading, page, or paragraph number. Include in-text citations and a reference in a reference list. To see how to cite the eBook, go to Content and view the module, Learn to Use APA. The citation and reference information is on the right-side of the screen.

For Discussion

• Discuss one classical theory and one more contemporary theory to management. Provide examples to illustrate how each theory has been or is depicted in the workplace.
• Using the two identified theories, discuss how the role of the manager has changed.
• It is assumed that the classical theories of management are dated and not relevant in today’s business environment. Identify a classical theory that you consider to still be relevant in business today and explain why;
• Scientific Management is a theory of management that analyzes workflow. Explain how scientific management changed the way we manage manufacturing.
• Explain why the study of organizational theory is an important tool for managers in the 21st-century business organization. Give examples.

Instructions for Responses to Classmates’ Posts

After you have created your initial post, look over the discussion posts of your classmates and give at least two responses to different classmates (one per classmate) as outlined in the Discussion Grading Rubric.

A response posting should be a minimum of one short paragraph. Word totals for these posts should be in the 75–100-word range. The goal of your response posts is to extend discussions already taking place or pose new possibilities or ideas not previously voiced. Your goal should be to motivate the group discussion and present a creative approach to the topic. Do not merely agree or disagree, repeating what a classmate stated or what you have already stated. Explain the ‘why or how’ with supporting evidence and concepts from the course material. Include in-text citations and associated reference within a reference list.

SOURCES

Theme 1:

Who is the manager and what is his or her job in an organization? The manager’s role has traditionally revolved around setting short-term goals for the organization to execute, and performing tasks that include processes, procedures, and production within the organization’s purpose or vision. The modern role of the manager has evolved to include serving as a facilitator to accomplishing tasks.

• Why It Matters: Introduction to Management
• Management
• Primary Functions of Management
• Types of Managers and Their Roles
• The Advantages of Managing People Well
• Putting It Together: Introduction to Management

Theme 2:

The study of organizational theory and management has evolved with the changing business landscape. To appreciate the place management theory has in business today, it is important to learn about how the business landscape has evolved and how this evolution has affected the business organization.

• Why It Matters: History of Management
• Scientific Management
• Bureaucratic Management
• Humanistic Management
• Current Developments in Management Practices
• Putting It Together: History of Management

STUDENT POST 1
“- Discuss one classical theory and one more contemporary theory to management. Provide examples to illustrate how each theory has been or is depicted in the workplace.

One classical theory is the scientific management theory. This theory included the ideas of employee training and standardized best practices to improve productivity ( Scientific Management, para. 3). One example, is the work done by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth who filmed and analyzed motions to determine the best way to complete a task. A contemporary theory is information management. Information is not to any theory in management, however the large volume of information available allows business and organizations to study it to help make decisions.

– Using the two identified theories, discuss how the role of the manager has changed.

The role of the manager with regard to the scientific management used information from the the work like that of Frank and Lillian Gilbreth to improve productivity. This allowed for the business to produce more, but there was little or no effort on the consumer willing to buy. With information management, managers can analyze information from consumers, employees, and competitors which help improving or creating new product.

– It is assumed that the classical theories of management are dated and not relevant in today’s business environment. Identify a classical theory that you consider to still be relevant in business today and explain why;

Bureaucratic management is very much alive in the United States government. Within the United States you have 50 different states governing different types of ways. Around the world you have hundreds of different countries which are governing in different types of ways. One of the main reason bureaucratic management is relevant in government is because the characteristics of bureaucracy like formal rules and regulations and formal selection processes are needed balance out all those differences.

Scientific Management is a theory of management that analyzes workflow. Explain how scientific management changed the way we manage manufacturing.

Scientific management change the way we manage manufacturing in two main ways. First, with trained, specialized workers performing individual tasks. Second, not all tasks were reliable on each other. This meant that those tasks which did not rely on each other would be started at the same time. This system allowed for manufactures to produce more in less time.

Explain why the study of organizational theory is an important tool for managers in the 21st-century business organization. Give examples.

The organizational theory allows managers to understand how to function best. Businesses like Amazon and Google are massive organizations. Organizational theory allow managers to understand the dynamics across such a large business and make the best decisions. “

STUDENT POST 2

“1.Discuss one classical theory and one contemporary theory to management. Give examples to illustrate how each theory has been or is depicted in the workplace.

Bureaucratic management is a classical theory associated with theorists Max Weber and Henri Fayol. This management style proposes fighting cases of favoritism and incompetence in the workplace by operation in a rational manner (Lumen Learning, Bureaucratic Management, n.d.). Some countries like Germany had a tradition of giving the position of authority based on social status, family relations and connections rather than by experience, ability, and merit (Lumen Learning, Bureaucratic Management, n.d.). The problem with this is that resources were used only for the benefit of the owner rather than meeting organizational goals. Fayol believed that bureaucratic management would increase customer satisfaction and motivation. This theory is highly depicted in the workplace for instance; most organizations today hire based on qualifications and using the same skills and level of experience there is a division of labor. Accountants in schools, for example, are tasked with roles associated with themanagement of finances. Each and every day, they are expected to do the same job. In as much as there is increased productivity due to reduced cases of errors, this kind of bureaucracy is associated with boredom and inflexibility. An example of contemporary theory of management is the humanistic management, a theory contributed by Elton Mayo and Mary Follett, “The Mother of Modern Management”. It points out the importance of meeting the social needs of individual workers so as to increase productivity. Mayo concluded in his research that teams with negative behaviors and weak social bonds performed worse than groups with strong interpersonal relationships. Mary Follett insisted that “social cooperation is better than the individual competition” (Lumen Learning, Humanistic Management, n.d.). This approach also adopts policies that mutually benefit the needs of workers such as improved self-image and self-actualization as well as the needs of the organization. This management approach is illustrated by humanizing businesses. Nowadays, it is considered ethical to provide working conditions aligning with human being dignity and beliefs. For example, Muslim employees are allocated special prayer rooms and time to fulfill their religious beliefs.

2. Using the two identified theories, discuss how the role of the manager has changed.

Some of the duties according to the bureaucratic management are as follows: managers are expected to create a plan of action to cater for now and the future. In this case, the activities won’t stop in case of managerial emergencies. Managers are also tasked with the duty of providing and organizing available resources towards achieving goals. Managers also direct workers through communication. Control of activities is also part of the roles of the management in organizations (Lumen Learning, Primary Functions of Management, n.d.). In relation to the humanistic management, managers are now tasked with looking beyond tangible benefits and also focusing on intangible benefits such as personal reputation and worker relationships. The management authority has also laid out programs to improve understanding of the needs of employees so as to enhance productivity (Lumen Learning, Primary Functions of Management n.d.).

3. It is assumed that the classical theories of management are outdated and not relevant in today’s business environment. Identify a classical theory that you consider to still be relevant in business today and explain why.

The bureaucratic theory by Max Weber has many advantages hence making it a classical theory that is still relevant in today’s business environment. Authority hierarchy and division of labor as established by Weber is still active in the present companies (Lumen Learning, Bureaucratic Management, n.d.). Organizations function based on laid down rules that guide employees. Rules and regulations are bound to be followed and failure to comply attracts penalties. Furthermore, bureaucracy is based on strict and accurate record keeping. All activities and also attendance is recorded by those in charge for future reference when the need arises (Lumen Learning, Bureaucratic Management, n.d.). Record keeping also helps prevent re-occurrence of certain issues as well as avoiding misunderstanding among employees. Moreover, bureaucracy delegates roles and responsibilities to every worker. Employees today are assigned to tasks based on their skill levels and experience. Workers are also hired based on qualification and not as per social status.

4. Scientific management is a theory of management that analyses workflow. Explain how scientific management changed the way we manage manufacturing.

Frederick Taylor, “The Father of Scientific Management” devised principles that helped to increase productivity even with the shortage of skilled labor by increasing efficiency of available workers (LumenLearning, Scientific Management, n.d.). Scientific management also changed the concept of work. Before 1990’s skilled personnel worked with the slogan “make it like the last one”. Later, the ideas of Taylor and other scientists introduced the concept that work could be studied and in the course of this, the work process was improved (Lumen Learning, Scientific Management, n.d.). Training became a necessity in the management process and was a way of bringing together managers and workers to work together to meet their goals. Worker skills determined job allocation. Workers were trained to perform their tasks in a specific way so as to increase productivity. Work performance was also measured against standards that were scientifically developed by the management. Today, Taylor’s principles, are still used by with slight adjustments by big companies such as Amazon. Exact procedures to be followed in the accomplishmentof specific tasks are developed and this translates to increased predictability and consistency of products manufactured as errors are significantly reduced.

5.Explain why the study of organizational theory is an important tool for managers in the 21^st-century business organization. Give examples.

Through organizational theory studies, organizations can learn how others solve their problems and how they increase their efficiency and productivity. Correct application of organizational theories leads to initiation of windows for expansion and hence more production and more competition which brings about changes in the economic equilibrium (Lumen Learning, Why Study Organizational Theory, n.d.). In the long run, economic potential in society is boosted. For example, through expansion and increased production potential, factory production in the modern era is highly specialized. More efficient methods like Henry Ford’s assembly line are being developed and utilized. In addition, the study of organizational theory also helps identify destructive forms of company practices. This is significant in highlighting precaution measures for the future. Safety is promoted through the study of organizational theories (Lumen Learning, Why Study Organizational Theory, n.d.).

References

Lumen Learning. (n.d.). Principles of Management “Bureaucratic Management”. Retrieved fromhttps://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-principlesofmanagement/chapter/reading-bureaucratic-management/

Lumen Learning. (n.d.). Principles of Management “Humanistic Management”. Retrieved from https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-principlesofmanagement/chapter/reading-humanistic-management/

Lumen Learning. (n.d.). Principles of Management “Primary Functions of Management”. Retrieved from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-principlesofmanagement/chapter/primary-functions-of-management/

Lumen Learning. (n.d.). Principles of Management “Scientific Management”. Retrieved fromhttps://courses.lumenlearning.com/wmopen-principlesofmanagement/chapter/scientific-management/

Lumen Learning. (n.d.). Principles of Management “Why Study Organizational Theory”. Retrieved fromhttps://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-management/chapter/why-study-organizational-theory/“

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