biology lab 3 week quiz answer all multiple choose questions and regular questions with the correct answer
1-What carbohydrate energy storage molecule is found in animal liver and muscle cells?
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a. |
starch |
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b. |
cellulose |
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c. |
a fatty acid |
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d. |
glycogen |
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e. |
cholesterol |
2-The primary difference between the amino acids commonly found in proteins is in their:
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a. |
number of phosphate groups. |
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b. |
number of carbonyl groups. |
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c. |
number of asymmetric carbons. |
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d. |
number of potassium groups. |
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e. |
R or variable groups. |
3-Which of the following is a purine base found in nucleotides?
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a. |
thymine |
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b. |
guanine |
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c. |
steroid |
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d. |
cytosine |
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e. |
uricil |
4-What is the purpose of regulatory proteins?
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a. |
To strengthen and protect cells and tissues |
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b. |
To defend against foreign invaders |
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c. |
To catalyze a specific chemical reaction |
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d. |
To control the expression of specific genes |
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e. |
To store nutrients |
5-Glucose and fructose are ____ because they have identical molecular formulas but their atoms are arranged differently.
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a. |
geometric isomers |
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b. |
tertiary |
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c. |
enantiomers |
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d. |
structural isomers |
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e. |
polar |
6-Which description illustrates an amphipathic molecule?
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a. |
A phospholipid with both a hydrophobic end and a hydrophilic end |
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b. |
A phospholipid with two hydrophobic ends |
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c. |
A phospholipid with two polar ends |
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d. |
A phospholipid with only one hydrophobic end |
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e. |
A phospholipid with only one hydrophilic end |
7-Identify three functions of proteins other than enzymes and briefly discuss or describe each.
8-What organic molecules is the primary structural component of cell membranes?
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a. |
adenine triphosphate |
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b. |
glycogen |
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c. |
phospholipids |
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d. |
cellulose |
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e. |
disaccharides |
9-What does the term “functional group” mean in reference to the structure of organic molecules? Identify two types of functional groups and describe their chemical properties.
10-If you partially hydrogenate oleic acid, the resulting molecule most likely would:
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a. |
lose a carboxyl group. |
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b. |
become soluble in water. |
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c. |
have a double bond changed from cis to trans. |
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d. |
lose a carbon atom. |
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e. |
contain more double bonds. |
Figure 3-1
11-What chemical process is represented in the accompanying figure?
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a. |
dehydration synthesis |
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b. |
denaturation |
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c. |
hydrolysis |
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d. |
protein synthesis |
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e. |
condensation |
12-How many carbon sugars are there in a pentose sugar?
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a. |
two |
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b. |
three |
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c. |
five |
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d. |
six |
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e. |
eight |
13-Unlike lipids, hydrophilic functional groups typically contain ____ atoms, which make them more soluble in water.
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a. |
oxygen |
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b. |
nitrogen |
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c. |
phosphate |
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d. |
carbon |
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e. |
hydrogen |
Figure 3-1
14-The products of the process in the accompanying figure are:
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a. |
molecules of glycerol. |
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b. |
monosaccharides. |
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c. |
amino acids. |
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d. |
representative of a glycoside linkage. |
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e. |
enzymes |
15-At which level of protein structure are peptide bonds most important?
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a. |
primary |
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b. |
secondary |
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c. |
tertiary |
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d. |
quaternary |
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e. |
globular |
16-What group of molecules is represented in this structure?
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a. |
phospholipids |
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b. |
triacylglycerols |
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c. |
structural proteins |
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d. |
polysaccharides |
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e. |
polypeptides |
17-A pyrimidine is a double-ring molecule.
__________________
True
False
18-What is the purpose of molecular chaperones?
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a. |
To transfer an amino acid |
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b. |
To strengthen the tertiary structure of a protein |
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c. |
To straighten other molecular proteins |
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d. |
To attach a carboxyl group |
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e. |
To assist the folding of other molecular proteins |
19-When we know what kinds of ____ are present in an organic compound, we can predict its chemical behavior.
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a. |
macomolecules |
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b. |
functional groups |
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c. |
triacylglycerols |
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d. |
enzymes |
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e. |
proteins |
20-An amino group is weakly basic and includes a(n) ____ atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms.
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a. |
oxygen |
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b. |
sulfur |
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c. |
phosphate |
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d. |
carbon |
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e. |
nitrogen |
21-A molecule of a saturated triacylglycerol contains:
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a. |
alternating single and double bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chains. |
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b. |
the maximum number of double bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chains. |
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c. |
the maximum number of triple bonds between carbons in the fatty acid chains. |
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d. |
the maximum number of hydrogen atoms in the fatty acid chains. |
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e. |
fatty acid chains with both amino and carboxyl groups. |
22-Methane, which is composed of carbon and hydrogen, lacks functional groups and is a gas at room temperature. Upon replacing one of the hydrogen atoms with a hydroxyl group, methane is converted to methanol, which is a liquid at room temperature. Explain the reason behind this difference in physical properties.
23-Which lipid can be identified by its isoprene units?
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a. |
fats |
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b. |
carotenoids |
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c. |
amino acids |
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d. |
phospholipids |
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e. |
Steroids |
24-The helical coil shape of an α-helix fibrous protein provides what type of property to that protein?
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a. |
rigidity |
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b. |
strength |
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c. |
elasticity |
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d. |
heat tolerance |
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e. |
water retention |
25-If tyrosine and isoleucine undergo condensation, where does the new bond form?
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a. |
Between oxygen of the R group and the hydrogen of the amino group |
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b. |
Between carbon of the carboxyl group and the nitrogen of the amino group |
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c. |
Between carbon of the carboxyl group and the hydrogen of the amino group |
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d. |
Between carbon of the carboxyl group and the hydrogen of the R group |
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e. |
Between carbon of the R group and the nitrogen of the amino group |
26-Analysis of a certain polymer shows that it contains phosphate groups, ribose groups, and pyrimidines. Based on this information, what statement best describes this compound?
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a. |
It is RNA. |
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b. |
It is an inorganic compound. |
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c. |
It is a polypeptide. |
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d. |
It is DNA. |
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e. |
It is cylic AMP. |
27-What type of protein accelerates the thousands of different chemical reactions that
take place in an organism?
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a. |
enzyme |
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b. |
amino acid |
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c. |
transport protein |
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d. |
regulatory protein |
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e. |
protective protein |
28-Which is a property of unsaturated fats?
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a. |
They contain more hydrogen than do saturated fats having the same number of carbon atoms. |
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b. |
They have fewer fatty acids per fat molecule than do saturated fats. |
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c. |
They are generally liquid at room temperature. |
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d. |
They are more common in animals. |
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e. |
They have no double bonds in the carbon chains of their fatty acids. |
3-Chitin is a polymer composed of N-acetyl glucosamine monomers.
__________________
True
False
30-Which carbohydrate is the most structurally complex?
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a. |
monosaccharide |
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b. |
phospholipid |
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c. |
monomer |
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d. |
polysaccharide |
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e. |
polymer |
31-The following amino acid would be characterized as ____ based on the chemical properties of its side chain.
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a. |
nonpolar |
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b. |
electrically charged |
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c. |
basic |
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d. |
hydrophilic |
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e. |
acidic |
32-Amyloplasts are organelles that store:
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a. |
lipids. |
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b. |
DNA. |
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c. |
fat. |
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d. |
starch. |
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e. |
protein. |
33-Which is an example of a disaccharide?
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a. |
fructose |
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b. |
ribose |
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c. |
tricylglycerol |
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d. |
glucose |
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e. |
maltose |
34-Which description illustrates the tertiary structure of a protein molecule?
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a. |
three-dimensional shape of an individual polypeptide chain |
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b. |
association of several polypeptide chains by weak bonds |
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c. |
bonding of two amino acids to form a dipeptide |
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d. |
folding of a peptide chain to form an alpha helix |
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e. |
order in which amino acids are joined in a peptide chain |
35-Assume that the shaded portions of the molecule in the accompanying figure each represent different polypeptide chains. What does this represent?
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a. |
an amino acid |
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b. |
a carotenoid |
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c. |
a steroid hormone |
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d. |
cellulose |
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e. |
the quaternary structure of a protein |
36-When a nucleic acid undergoes hydrolysis, the resulting subunits are:
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a. |
fatty acids. |
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b. |
nucleotides. |
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c. |
amino acids. |
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d. |
carotenoids. |
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e. |
monosaccharides. |
37-How many electron pairs are shared between carbon 2 and 3 in the accompanying figure?
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a. |
one |
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b. |
one and a half |
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c. |
two |
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d. |
three |
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e. |
four |
38-Which functional group forms bridges to help stabilize a protein’s quaternary structure?
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a. |
hydroxyl |
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b. |
amino |
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c. |
carbonyl |
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d. |
phosphate |
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e. |
sulfhydryl |
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