industrial developments

200-300 words

Broadly speaking, how crucial are the industrial developments that precede the primary period for this course? How does society benefit from industrialization/mechanization? How are people impacted by the rise of an industrial economy, and what strategies are being discussed to address potential problems, if any?

Use the following to support your position and views.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/nationalis…

https://docs.google.com/document/d/18XjHfJVrlTqPaP…

https://docs.google.com/document/d/1Ckq7EzVfpOgze3…

Discipline in the New Factories

Workers in the new factories of the Industrial Revolution had been accustomed to a lifestyle free of overseers. Unlike the cottages, where workers spun thread and wove cloth in their own rhythm and time, the factories demanded a new, rigorous discipline geared to the require-mems of the machines. This selection is taken from a set of rules for a factory in Berlin in 1844. They were typical of company rules everywhere the factory system had been established. The Foundry and Engineering Works of the Royal Overseas Trading Company, Factory Rules In every large works, and in the co-ordination of any large number of workmen, good order and harmony must be looked upon as the fundamentals of success, and therefore the following rules shall be strictly observed.

1. The normal working day begins at all seasons at 6 A.M. precisely and ends, after the usual break of half an hour for breakfast, an hour for dinner and half an hour for tea, at 7 P.M., and it shall be strictly observed….

2. Workers arriving 2 minutes late shall lose half an hour’s wages; whoever is more than 2 minutes late may not start work until after the next break, or at least shall lose his wages until then. Any disputes about the correct time shall be settled by the clock mounted above the gatekeeper’s lodge….

3. No workman, whether employed by time or piece, may leave before the end of the working day, without having frst received permission from the overseer and having given his name to the gatekeeper. Omission of these two actions shall lead to a fine of ten silver groschen[pennies] payable to the sick fund.

4. Repeated irregular arrival at work shall lead to dismissal. This shall also apply to those who are found idling by an official or overseer, and refused to obey their order to resume work….

5. No worker may leave his place of work otherwise than for reasons connected with his work.

6. All conversation with fellow-workers is prohibited; if any worker requires information about his work, he must turn to the overseer, or to the particular fellow-worker designated for the purpose.

7. Smoking in the workshops or in the yard is prohibited during working hours; anyone caught smoking shall be fined five silver groschen for the sick fund for every such offence….

8. Natural functions must be performed at the appropriate places, and whoever is found soiling walls, fences, squares, etc., and similarly, whoever is found washing his face and hands in the workshop and not in the places assigned for the purpose, shall be fined five silver groschen for the sick fund…. . It goes without saying that all overseers and officials of the firm shall be obeyed without question, and shall be treated with due deference. Disobedience will be punished by dismissal.

9. Immediate dismissal shall also be the fate of anyone found drunk in any of the workshops….

10.. Every workman is obliged to report to his superiors any acts of dishonesty or embezzlement on the part of~his fellow workmen. If he omits to do so, and it is shown after subsequent discovery of a misdemeanour that he knew about It at the time, he shall be liable to be taken to court as an accessory after the fact and the wage due to him shall be retained as punishment.

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