1.Themostscholarlyviewpointonhowcriminaljusticeprofessionalslearnethicalandunethicalbehavior isthe                approach. A. values-learned B. rational-choice C. differential D.values-added     2.TheformallawenforcementcodeofethicspromotedbytheInte

1.Themostscholarlyviewpointonhowcriminaljusticeprofessionalslearnethicalandunethicalbehavior isthe                approach.

A. values–learned B. rational–choice C. differential

D.values–added

2.TheformallawenforcementcodeofethicspromotedbytheInternationalAssociationofChiefsof

Policeisacodethat

A. providesprinciplesorguidelinesthatrelatetothevaluesystemoftheorganization.

B.providesmandatoryrulesofconductthatcanserveasabasisofdiscipline.

C. generallydescribesthetenetsofprofessionalconduct.

D.specifiesidealbehaviorinanaspirationalmanner.

3.Whichofthefollowingisanelementofcommunitypolicing?

A. Encouragingcitizenstohelpinpreventingandsolvingcrimes B.Maintainingananonymousrelationshipwiththecommunity C. Focusingonemergencyresponse

D.Movingdecision–makinganddiscretionupwardtoofficesupervisors

4.The                theoryofleadershipemphasizestherelationshipbetweentheleaderandhisorher subordinates.

A.train

B. contingency

C.objective

D.learning

5.The                systemwasapolitician–centeredsystemofpolicing.

A.progressive

B. community–policing

C. alderman

D.Peelian

6.TheWickershamCommissionwasestablishedbyPresident

A. Kennedy.

B.Nixon.

C. Hoover.

D.Eisenhower.

7.Theideathatanemployee’sattitudetowardworkislargelyinfluencedbyhisorherindividual characteristicscomesfromthe                model.

A. importation

B.environmental

C. trait

D.ethics

8.Thetendencytorationalizeone’sbehavior,avoidpain,gainrewards,andweighrisksandbenefitswhile learningunethicalbehaviorisexplainedbythe                theory.

A. rational–choice B. values–learned C. noble–cause

D.legitimacy

9.Thekeythatmakesgift-givingtolawenforcementpersonnelunethicaliswhetherornot

A. thegiftisgivenbeforeorafterservicesarerendered.

B.serviceswillbeexpectedinreturn.

C. thegift–giverisseniororjuniortotherecipient.

D.thevalueofthegiftexceeds$500.

10.Thealdermansystemofpolicing,establishedduringthenineteenthCentury,wasconsidered

A. organizedandefficient.

B.highlydisorganizedanddecentralized.

C.thebestdeterrenttoorganizedcrime.

D.themodelthatmodernpoliceforcesshouldfollow.

11.Thebeliefthatcriminaljusticeprofessionalsdonotlearnethicsonthejobbecauseethicsarerootedin earlylearningisthe                perspective.

A.predetermined B. values–learned C.rationalchoice D.predispositional

12.The1929WickershamCommissioninvestigatedcorruptionintheformof

A. politicalkickbacks.

B. briberyofseniorpolicestaff.

C.violationsofliquorprohibition.

D.neighborhoodshakedowns.

13.Whichofthefollowingactionsisconsistentwiththepolicesubculture?

A. Consistenttruth–telling

B.Respectforindividualrights

C. Restraintintheuseofforce

D.Useofillegalinvestigationtactics

14.Individualswhosaytheirunethicalactionswerejustifiedbecausenobodygothurtareusingthe responsibility-neutralizingtechniquecalled

A. denialofresponsibility. B.appealtohigherloyalty. C. denialofinjury.

D.denialofthevictim.

15.TheKnappCommissioninvestigatedtheNewYorkCitypolicedepartmentduringthe1960sbecauseit wasasystemwhere               waspervasive.

A. bribery B.sexism C. druguse

D.nepotism

16.Abuse-of-authorityrulesarefoundin

A. Title42oftheU.S.Code.

B.eachstate’spenalcode.

C. thePoliceCodeofConduct.

D.theBillofRights.

17.Ifanofficerisfoundnegligent,hisorhersupervisorcanbesuedincivilcourt.Thisiscalled

A.guiltbyassociation.

B. vicariousliability.

C.ethicalliability.

D.criminalculpability.

18.                justiceisconcernedwiththeallocationofgoodsandburdensofsocietytoitsrespective members.

A.Commutative

B. Equal

C.Distributive

D.Corrective

19.Whichofthefollowingdrivespoliceactionsthemost?

A.Rulebook